نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
عنوان مقاله English
نویسنده English
The issue of Bada’ (Divine Will manifested in changing a previously announced decree) concerning the knowledge of the prophets is one of the challenging topics in Islamic theology, around which two main categories of narratives (riwāyāt) are observed. The first category affirms the possibility of Bada’ occurring in the prophets’ knowledge, while the second category explicitly denies it. In confronting this conflict, various theories have been proposed by Shia traditionists (muḥaddithūn) and juristic methodologists (uṣūlīyūn), including explaining the narratives by appealing to the majority of cases (preponderance), distinguishing between revealed (waḥyānī) and inspired (ilhāmī) knowledge, and confining Bada’ to non-definite predictions (non-definite akhbār). However, these viewpoints often encounter structural challenges and conflict with the contexts of the texts. This research addresses this conflict by examining the transmission chain (sanad) and semantic implications (dalālah) of the narratives (riwāyāt) and by providing a logical analysis of the concept of what God teaches the prophets. Accordingly, the prophet's knowledge is always understood as maintaining a conditional structure, and the non-fulfillment of the consequence (jazā’) in a proposition does not necessarily mean that Bada’ has occurred in the prophet’s information. Furthermore, in the predictions that the prophets state unconditionally (absolutely), external indicators (qarā’in munfaṣilah) demonstrate that these reports (akhbār) were, in fact, conditional and do not necessitate divine refutation (negation/denial), provided their underlying wisdom is clarified.
کلیدواژهها English
